Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a widely recognized neurodevelopmental disorder that affects children, adolescents, and adults. It is characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that can significantly disrupt daily functioning, relationships, and overall quality of life. While ADHD has been studied for decades, its causes, symptoms, and treatment options continue to evolve, especially with advancements in mental health care.

At Ascension Psychiatric Services, the focus is on providing comprehensive care for individuals struggling with ADHD. Through expert psychiatric evaluation and individualized treatment plans, Ascension strives to help patients manage their symptoms effectively and lead fulfilling lives.

What is ADHD?

ADHD is a chronic condition marked by difficulties in maintaining attention, regulating hyperactive behaviors, and controlling impulses. The symptoms typically begin in childhood, often becoming apparent in school settings where sustained attention and impulse control are necessary for success. While it was once considered a condition that primarily affected boys, it is now widely recognized in girls and adults as well.

Types of ADHD

ADHD presents in different ways depending on the individual. Ascension Psychiatric Services identifies three primary types of ADHD:

1. Predominantly Inattentive Presentation: Individuals with this type struggle with staying focused on tasks, completing projects, and following through on responsibilities. They may be easily distracted, lose things frequently, and have trouble organizing tasks. This is often referred to as "ADD" (Attention Deficit Disorder), though that term is technically outdated.


2. Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Presentation: This type involves excessive fidgeting, talking, and difficulty remaining seated. People with this type often act without thinking, interrupt others, and may struggle with self-control.


3. Combined Presentation: This is the most common type and involves a combination of inattentiveness and hyperactive-impulsive behaviors. Individuals with the combined presentation may exhibit an array of symptoms from both categories.

The Causes of ADHD

The exact causes of ADHD remain unclear, but research indicates that a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors may contribute to its development. Children with a family history of ADHD are more likely to develop the condition, suggesting a strong genetic component. Brain structure and function, particularly in regions associated with attention and impulse control, also play a significant role in the manifestation of ADHD symptoms.

In addition to genetics, environmental factors such as prenatal exposure to toxins, low birth weight, and premature birth may increase the risk of developing ADHD. It's important to note that parenting style, diet, and excessive screen time, while influential in child development, do not cause ADHD, contrary to common misconceptions.

Diagnosis and Symptoms of ADHD

Diagnosis of ADHD involves a comprehensive evaluation by a qualified mental health professional, such as those at Ascension Psychiatric Services. Symptoms of ADHD must be present for at least six months and occur in two or more settings (e.g., school, home, or work) to meet diagnostic criteria. Some of the most common symptoms include:

• Difficulty focusing on tasks and following instructions


• Forgetfulness and frequent loss of belongings


• Inability to sit still for extended periods (especially in hyperactive individuals)


• Frequent daydreaming or zoning out


• Excessive talking or interrupting others


• Impulsivity and acting without considering consequences


• Trouble organizing tasks or managing time effectively

Adults with ADHD may also struggle with chronic lateness, forgetfulness, difficulty maintaining employment, and relationship challenges.

ADHD in Children and Adults

ADHD often manifests differently in children and adults. In children, hyperactivity may be more prominent, while adults often experience more challenges related to organization, time management, and sustained attention. Ascension Psychiatric Services offers specialized care for both groups, recognizing that ADHD can evolve and present new challenges as individuals age.

For children, ADHD can significantly affect academic performance, social interactions, and self-esteem. Parents may notice their child struggling to complete homework, being disruptive in class, or having difficulty making and maintaining friendships. Early intervention is key to helping children with ADHD develop healthy coping mechanisms and reach their full potential.

In adults, ADHD can lead to difficulties in maintaining consistent employment, managing household responsibilities, and sustaining relationships. Many adults with ADHD may not have been diagnosed in childhood, leading to years of frustration and underachievement. However, with proper treatment, adults can learn to manage their symptoms and improve their overall quality of life.

Treatment Options for ADHD at Ascension Psychiatric Services

At Ascension Psychiatric Services, ADHD treatment is highly individualized and designed to meet the unique needs of each patient. Treatment plans often include a combination of medication, behavioral therapy, and lifestyle modifications.

1. Medication: Medications are commonly prescribed to help manage the symptoms of ADHD. These may include stimulant medications like methylphenidate (e.g., Ritalin, Concerta) or amphetamines (e.g., Adderall), which help improve attention and decrease impulsivity and hyperactivity. Non-stimulant medications such as atomoxetine (Strattera) may also be used, particularly for individuals who do not respond well to stimulants.


2. Behavioral Therapy: Behavioral therapy is an essential component of ADHD treatment, especially for children. It focuses on teaching individuals strategies for managing their behavior, improving organizational skills, and enhancing their ability to focus. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) can also help patients identify and change negative thought patterns that may exacerbate ADHD symptoms.


3. Parent Training and Family Therapy: For children with ADHD, parent training is often recommended. Parents are taught strategies for managing their child's behavior, improving communication, and creating a structured environment at home. Family therapy may also be beneficial in addressing the challenges that ADHD can present within family dynamics.


4. Lifestyle Modifications: In addition to formal treatments, lifestyle changes can significantly impact ADHD symptoms. These may include establishing routines, improving sleep habits, incorporating physical activity, and adopting mindfulness practices.

At Ascension Psychiatric Services, treatment is viewed as a collaborative process between the patient, their family, and the mental health provider. Regular follow-up appointments and adjustments to the treatment plan ensure that the patient’s progress is closely monitored and optimized for long-term success.

Managing ADHD: Tips for Daily Life

Living with ADHD can be challenging, but with the right strategies, individuals can manage their symptoms effectively. Here are a few practical tips:

• Create Structure: Establish routines to help maintain focus and stay organized. Use tools like calendars, to-do lists, and reminders to keep track of tasks and appointments.


• Break Tasks into Smaller Steps: Large tasks can feel overwhelming for individuals with ADHD. Breaking them into smaller, manageable steps can help make them feel less daunting.


• Set Timers: Using timers to break tasks into focused periods (e.g., 25 minutes of work followed by a 5-minute break) can help maintain concentration.


• Prioritize Physical Activity: Exercise can help burn off excess energy and improve focus and mood.


• Limit Distractions: Create a work or study environment free from distractions, such as turning off notifications on your phone or computer.

Conclusion

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a complex and challenging condition, but with the right treatment and support, individuals can lead successful and fulfilling lives. Ascension Psychiatric Services is committed to providing expert care for individuals with ADHD, offering tailored treatment plans that address both the emotional and cognitive aspects of the disorder.

Whether you're seeking help for yourself or a loved one, Ascension Psychiatric Services offers the tools and support necessary to manage ADHD and achieve personal and professional success. Through a combination of medication, therapy, and lifestyle changes, individuals can overcome the challenges of ADHD and thrive in all areas of life.